Daily detection and quantification of methane leaks using Sentinel-3: a tiered satellite observation approach with Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-5p

The twin Sentinel-3 satellites have multi-band radiometers which observe in methane-sensitive shortwave infrared bands with daily global coverage and 500 m ground pixel resolution. We investigate the methane observation capability of how its coverage-resolution combination fits between Sentinel-5p Sentinel-2 within a tiered approach for leak monitoring. measures high precision coverage, allowing worldwide detection but coarse spatial resolution 7 km × 5.5 km. instruments that can identify source locations major leaks (> 1 t/h) their observations 20 under favorable observational conditions, these lack coverage. show enhancements be retrieved from band measurements Sentinel-3. report lowest emission detections by 8-20 t/h range, depending on location wind conditions. demonstrate Sentinel-3's identification monitoring using two case studies. Near Moscow, shows short-term leaks, separated 30 km, occurred simultaneously at gas pipeline appear as single plume data. For another near Hassi Messaoud oil/gas field Algeria, identifies leaking facility emitting continuously 6 days, pinpoints an well. also 6-day was followed four-month period burning gas, suggesting well blowout to cause leak. find similar rate quantifications demonstrating utility quantification. zooming synergy allows precise identification, quantification, sources corresponding plumes observed Sentinel-5p's scans.